https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/Recent content in From Atoms to Pixels on EleutherHugoen-USCopyright (c) 2026-%s EleutherSat, 01 Aug 2026 01:24:49 +0200https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/introduction/Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/introduction/An attempt to explain how computers work from first principles, layer by layer.https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/part-1-reality-has-rules/Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/part-1-reality-has-rules/Computers exist inside the same physical universe as everything else. This layer is the precondition for everything above.https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/part-2-controlling-electricity/Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/part-2-controlling-electricity/From doped silicon to the transistor: electricity controlling electricity, and the supply chain that builds it at scale.https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/part-3-from-switches-to-logic/Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/part-3-from-switches-to-logic/Arrangements of switches enforce logical rules; feedback creates memory; different memory technologies trade speed, density, and power.https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/part-4-time-execution-and-control/Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/part-4-time-execution-and-control/The clock imposes order; the CPU fetches, decodes, and executes instructions; parallelism and specialized units extend that model.https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/part-5-instructions-and-languages/Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/part-5-instructions-and-languages/Every program eventually becomes machine code. Languages and translators sit between human thought and hardware.https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/part-6-the-operating-system/Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000https://eleuther.org/tech/from-atoms-to-pixels/part-6-the-operating-system/The operating system organizes the machine: scheduling, memory, hardware access, and the illusion of many programs at once.